Objective. To explore the effect of electric function training instrument for arteriovenous fistula on vascular index of fistula and puncture success rate in patients with autogenous arteriovenous fistulization (AVF). Methods. 60 patients received AVF in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the study subjects, and they were divided into the treatment group (TG, n = 30) and the reference group (RG, n = 30) according to the random number table method. The patients in the RG received routine pressure training by clench fist and tourniquet after surgery, and the TG used electric function training instrument for arteriovenous fistula on the basis of routine clench fist, then comprehensively evaluating the clinical application value of this study protocol by comparing the vascular index of fistula and puncture success rate of the two groups. Results. The depth of cephalic vein to skin at T2 and T3 in the TG was notably lower than the RG (P < 0.05), and the vessel diameter of cephalic vein at T3 in the TG was visibly higher than the RG (P < 0.05), with no overt difference in the rate of fistula complication, one-time puncture success rate and the incidence of puncture injury in both groups (P > 0.05). The score of functional exercise compliance of fistula in the TG was clearly higher than the RG (P < 0.001). Conclusion. The study results suggest that the use of electric function training instrument for arteriovenous fistula after AVF is more effective, so it has certain clinical application value.