Blood transfusion treatment is one of the important means to rescue critically ill patients, while actively searching for the cause of bleeding, it is necessary to choose a reasonable transfusion treatment plan. For patients who need to receive blood transfusion treatment, their etiology is different, treatment methods are different, and clinical manifestations are different. The principle of blood transfusion treatment is to eliminate the cause, timely hemostasis, and transfusion is decided according to the actual condition of the patient to replenish the blood volume in time. Blood transfusion treatment has certain risks, it is necessary to make adequate preparations before blood transfusion, improve the safety of blood transfusion, and reduce the probability of infectious diseases caused by blood transfusion treatment to a certain extent, and carry out certain tests for patients who need blood transfusion treatment. The hepatitis B surface antigen, immunodeficiency virus antibodies, hepatitis c virus antibodies and syphilis of patients are tested to find potential sources of infection in time, reduce infections caused by blood transfusion, and reduce medical disputes caused by it.