Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetic properties and bioequivalence of a reference doxorubicin injectable formulation (Caelyx) and the test formulation, a newly developed doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome injection formulation (LY01612), administered as single bolus doses in Chinese patients with advanced breast cancer. Materials and methods: The study was multicentric, randomized, open-label, two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence, single dose with crossover. The dose, equivalent to 50 mg/m(2), was administered intravenously on the first day of each 28-day treatment period. Blood samples were collected at appropriate intervals for estimation of C-max, AUC(0-t), and AUC(0-infinity) for free, encapsulated, and total doxorubicin, as well as partial AUC (AUC(0-48h), AUC(48h-last)) for encapsulated doxorubicin. Results: The 90% confidence intervals (CI) for the geometric mean ratio (GMR) of the primary endpoints for determination of bioequivalence namely, C-max, AUC(0-t), and AUC(0-infinity) for free doxorubicin and encapsulated doxorubicin, and the 90% CIs for the secondary endpoints C-max, AUC(0-t), and AUC(0-infinity) for total doxorubicin and partial exposure parameters AUC(0-48h) and AUC(48h-last) of encapsulated doxorubicin, were within the range confirming that the two formulations are bioequivalent. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events in the test and reference product was 95.7% (44/46) and 100% (42/42), respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The two formulations examined in the cohort of 48 Chinese patients with advanced breast cancer using measurements of free and encapsulated doxorubicin concentrations were bioequivalent. Both agents were well tolerated, and differences were not significant.