This clinical trial evaluated recombinant human endostatin in breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eighty-seven patients with stage III breast cancer randomly received 4 cycles neoadjuvant of TEC (docetaxel, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide) or recombinant human endostatin + TEC, followed by surgery. The latter significantly improved the overall survival, suggesting a benefit of adding anti-angiogenesis to standard chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer. Background: To explore the potential advantage of preoperative anti-angiogenosis therapy, we implemented a study to evaluate the efficacy of recombinant human endostatin (EN) in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of stage III breast cancer. Patients and Methods: Eighty-seven patients were randomized to neoadjuvant TEC (docetaxel, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide) or to EN+TEC, followed by surgery. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included pathologic complete response (pCR), relapse-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Results: Patients receiving EN+TEC achieved significantly higher ORR (81.82%; 36/44) compared with those receiving TEC (58.14%; 25/43; P=0.016). There was a non-significant trend of increased pCR with EN treatment (15.91% vs. 6.98%). The median follow-up was 54 months and revealed a significantly higher RFS with EN+TEC (median, 67.3 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 61.0-73.7 months), compared with TEC (median, 55.0 months; 95% CI, 48.3-61.7 months; P =0.014). EN+TEC also significantly improved OS (74.2 months; 95% CI, 68.9-79.6 months), compared with TEC (59.1 months; 95% CI, 52.0-66.1 months; P =0 .006). The 3- and 5-year OS rates are estimated to be 88.5% and 82.8% with EN+TEC and 76.7% and 54.4% with TEC, respectively. Cox proportional regression analyses showed that EN+TEC was associated with improved OS (hazard ratio, 0.377; 95% CI, 0.418-0.959; P =0 .041). There was no significant difference in adverse events between EN+TEC and TEC. Conclusion: The combination of EN+TEC neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved the ORR and OS, suggesting a benefit of adding anti-angiogenesis to standard chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced breast cancer. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.