The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Endostar combined with chemotherapy on human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Eca-109 in mice. The tumor xenograft models were established and randomly assigned to 4 groups: control group, Endostar group (1.5 mg/kg day, once daily for 3 weeks), chemotherapy group (Paclitaxel 10 mg/kg day, Cisplatin 5 mg/kg day, for 1, 7, 14, 21 days), and chemotherapy + Endostar group (combination). The length and width of tumor were measured and the tumor volumes (cm(3)) were calculated every other day. Three weeks later, the mice were executed, and the tumor tissues were collected to weigh and analyse the histopathology and proliferation for tumor xenograft. The results demonstrated that the tumor volumes and weight in chemotherapy + Endostar group were significantly lower than that in other three groups. Meanwhile, the cell proliferation of tumor xenograft in combined treatment group was significantly lower than that in other three groups. It was concluded that Endostar combined with chemotherapy could obviously enhance the inhibitory effect on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Eca-109 in mice.