The objective of the present study was to investigate the association of B7-H3 expression and cluster of differentiation (CD) 163+ tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration with clinicopathological parameters in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder (UCB), and to investigate their potential conjoint effects on progression of UCB. B7-H3 expression and CD163+ TAM infiltration in tumor specimens from 134 consecutive patients that underwent radical cystectomy for UCB were tested using immunohistochemistry, followed by statistical analysis. In these 134 patients, B7-H3 expression and CD163+ TAM infiltration in the bladder carcinoma tissues were significantly associated with an increased ratio of vascular invasion (P=0.009; P=0.012) and distant metastasis (P=0.015; P=0.038); however, they were not associated with gender, age, pathologic grade, tumor stage, recurrence or lymphatic metastasis. The results of chi(2) test analysis indicated that CD163(+) TAM infiltration and B7-H3 expression were positively correlated (chi(2)=20.714; P<0.001). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were significantly worsened by high B7-H3 expression (P=0.002; P=0.020). However, CD163+ TAM infiltration was not associated with OS or PFS rate. Notably, the OS and PFS rates in patients with high B7-H3 expression or high CD163+ TAM infiltration were significantly poorer than the patients with low B7-H3 expression (P<0.001; P<0.001) or low CD163+ TAM infiltration (P=0.022; P=0.017) in the subgroup of 115 patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The results of the present study indicate that B7-H3 expression level could be used as an independent prognostic indicator following radical cystectomy for UCB and patients with high B7-H3 expression and high CD163+ TAM infiltration experience a poorer prognosis.